Electric vehicles, also known as EVs, have gained popularity as more variety in design, style and options have become available. These environmentally friendly cars offer lower ownership costs and advanced safety technology. However, concerns about electric cars in cold weather can deter potential buyers.
We're here to dispel the myths about EVs during the winter months. Below, we'll address common misconceptions and provide guidance on preparing and driving your EV in cold weather.
Understanding How Cold Weather Affects Electric Cars
Despite advancements in electric vehicles over the years, cold weather can still present challenges. Understanding how colder temperatures impact your EV's performance is essential for maintaining a safe and enjoyable winter driving experience.
Slowed Charging Process
Cold weather may reduce the battery's ability to quickly accept a charge and slow down charging time. However, modern EV charging systems are designed to compensate for temperature variations and attempt to keep charging speeds reasonably consistent.
Reduced Battery Efficiency
While cold weather can reduce battery efficiency, this is also true for electric, hybrid and gasoline-powered vehicles. Planning your road trips with frequent and redundant charging station waypoints can ensure a smooth driving experience even in unpredictable weather conditions.
Increased Energy Usage
Despite advancements in electric vehicles, many drivers hesitate to purchase one due to range anxiety, the fear of running out of power before reaching home or the next charging station.
A AAA study reveals that extreme temperatures, both hot and cold, can significantly reduce driving range in electric vehicles (EVs). However, freezing temperatures have a particularly pronounced effect. Using HVAC systems to heat or cool the vehicle further strains the battery, resulting in an average range decrease of 41 percent during tests.
Common Misconceptions About EVs in Cold Weather
Are you interested in an electric vehicle but concerned about how it will handle colder temperatures? Let's debunk some myths about electric cars and cold weather and explore why EVs are a great option , even in winter.
Myth: Electric Cars Can't Drive As Far
One common misconception is that electric vehicles have a limited range compared to gasoline-powered cars. While older EVs had shorter ranges, modern electric cars have significantly improved battery technology.
- Increased range: Many newer EV models can travel 250-300 miles or more on a single charge.
- Rapid charging: With the growing network of fast-charging stations, you can quickly recharge your EV for longer journeys. While it may take longer than filling a gasoline tank, more options exist today for fast charging EVs than just a few years ago.
- Range planning: Using the EV's navigation system and range estimation tools, you can plan your trips and find charging stations along the way. Be sure to build in back-up options in case the chargers are not working properly or occupied.
However, colder weather (and hot weather) will impact an electric vehicle's range. To extend your EV's range in winter, try to limit the use of warm cabin heating and plan for more frequent stops at charging stations.
Myth: Electric Cars Don't Start
Another misconception is that electric cars won't start in cold weather, but this is largely untrue. Modern EVs have advanced battery management systems, including built-in battery heating systems, designed to operate efficiently in lower temperatures.
While any vehicle, including EVs, may experience issues in extreme conditions, modern electric cars are equipped with features to minimize these challenges.
Myth: Electric Cars Take Longer To Charge
While many factors can reduce the battery's ability to accept a fast charge,, the latest EV charging systems are built to adapt to temperature changes as well as the state of charge, optimizing charging speeds in a variety of conditions.
Overall, while cold weather will affect charging speed, it's generally not a major concern for EV owners.
How To Prepare Your Electric Vehicle for Cold Weather
Just like preparing your home for winter, you can take steps to ensure your electric vehicle and its battery is well-maintained. Follow these tips for a smooth and efficient driving experience.
1. Precondition the Battery
Before hitting the road, pre-heat or cool down the inside of the vehicle while still connected to the charger. This will reduce the demand on the vehicle's battery to achieve the proper cabin temperature while driving.
2. Warm Up Your Vehicle Before Driving
Before heading out on a cold morning, give your car a brief warm-up of 30 seconds to a minute, just like you would your internal combustion engine (ICE) car.
3. Park Under Cover When Possible
Park your vehicle in a sheltered or covered area to protect your EV's battery during freezing temperatures. This will prevent excessive cold from harming the battery, or from reducing range when parked as the EV tries to keep the battery warm.
4. Maintain a Higher State of Charge
During colder months, keep your battery charge above 50 percent or higher. Cold temperatures can reduce battery range and efficiency. Regularly monitor your battery level and plan to stop more frequently at charging stations, especially for longer trips.
Driving Your EV in Cold Weather Best Practices
Electric vehicles can face challenges in colder weather. Below are some tips to help ensure your EV performs optimally and safely in winter conditions.
Use Winter Tires
If you plan to drive on snowy or icy roadways, invest in a good set of winter tires. In areas that experience moderate to heavy snow or temperatures below 15°F, a set of winter tires can significantly enhance your safety.
Take the time to research tires from various brands and models, especially those specifically designed for electric vehicles. By selecting the right winter tires, you can improve your EV's handling, braking and overall safety during winter weather conditions.
Minimize Cabin Heater Usage
Rather than relying on your cabin heater to warm yourself in your EV, consider using seat heaters for localized warmth or layering your clothing to stay comfortable. These adjustments can help improve your driving range while keeping you cozy during colder drives.
Plan Ahead
The best way to maximize driving range is to plan ahead. Drivers should be aware of weather conditions, particularly temperature changes, before heading out , especially on longer trips.
This includes:
- Frequent charging stops: Plan for more stops to recharge your battery.
- Charging station locations: Use AAA's Mobile app or TripTik Planner to find convenient charging stations along your route.
With over 16,000 charging stations nationwide, you'll have plenty of options to keep your EV powered up.
FAQ
Below are commonly asked questions about electric vehicles and how they function in cold weather.
How Cold Is Too Cold for Electric Cars?
Electric cars perform best in moderate temperatures, as extreme cold will reduce battery performance. However, modern EVs come equipped with features that help minimize these effects. By preheating your vehicle and managing the cabin temperature efficiently, you can optimize performance in cold weather.
Be Winter-Ready with AAA Auto Repair Services
Most Americans live in regions with temperature fluctuations during the year, but the climate should not discourage someone from considering an electric vehicle for their next car. Those interested in owning an EV simply need to plan ahead when driving during more extreme conditions. And if you ever face a roadside emergency, AAA members can rely on our reliable Roadside Assistance.